Publications

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, Preface.

Wang, Y, Li, Z, Liang, B, Tian, H, Guo, T & Chen, F 2025, Data Analytics for Smart Infrastructure Asset Management and Network Performance, CRC Press.
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This book presents, for the first time, data analytics for smart infrastructures.

Abeywickrama, A, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Experimental and Numerical Study on Cyclic Loading of Railway Subgrade' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 219-228.
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Alagesan, S, Indraratna, B, Malisetty, RS, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'An Overview of Single-Objective Optimization Models for Assessing the Performance of Railway Ballast Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 275-282.
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Alqaisi, R, Le, M-T, Khabbaz, H & Fatahi, B 2025, 'Eggshell Powder as an Ameliorating Agent for Cement-Stabilised Expansive Soil in Road Construction' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 55-68.
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Arachchige, C, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Qi, Y 2025, 'Utilizing Waste Rubber Derivatives in Ballasted Tracks: A Field Study' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 31-37.
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Arivalagan, J, Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Indraratna, B & Warwick, A 2025, 'Subgrade Fluidization Under Cyclic Loading and Preventive Measure by Geosynthetics' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 129-138.
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Atapattu, S, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Effect of Intermittent Rest Periods on the Accumulative Excess Pore Pressure in Railway Subgrades' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 221-229.
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Chen, J, Indraratna, B, Vinod, JS, Ngo, NT & Liu, Y 2025, 'Dem Study on the Dynamic Performance of a Fouled Ballasted Track Under Repeated Traffic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 21-33.
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Dai, S, He, X, Zhang, S & Sheng, D 2025, 'Experimental Study on Particle Migration in Saturated Sandy-Silt Mixtures Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 9-18.
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Dissanayake, S, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Abeywickrama, A 2025, 'Behaviour of Soft Soil Improved with Prefabricated Vertical Drains in Railways Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 77-84.
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Doan, T, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'A Coupled CFD-DEM Approach to Examine Clogging Behaviour of Granular Medium by Fines' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 1-9.
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Ghosh, S, Bhattacharya, S, Roy, P, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, '$$\lambda $$-Color: Amplifying Long-Range Dependencies for Image Colorization' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 172-187.
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Halder, A, Palaiahnakote, S, Pal, U, Blumenstein, M & Gornale, SS 2025, 'A New HourGlass Network for Detecting Text in Shaky and Non-shaky Video Frames' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 118-134.
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Hettiyahandi, S, Indraratna, B, Ngo, T, Qi, Y & Arachchige, C 2025, 'The Effect of Recycled-Rubber Energy Absorbing Grids on the Performance of Railway Ballast: A Review' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 23-30.
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Hunt, H, Indraratna, B & Qi, Y 2025, 'Predicting the Shear Strength of Granular Waste Materials Using Machine Learning' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 155-163.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'A Synthetic Energy- Absorbing Layer for Rail Tracks (Solution 2: CW–RC Mixtures)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 55-70.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'A Synthetic Energy-Absorbing Layer for Rail Tracks (Solution 1: SFS + CW + RC Mixtures)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 27-54.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'CW-based Waste Granular Materials for Roads and Port Reclamation' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 4-26.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Introduction' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 1-3.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Modelling the Behaviour of Industry Wastes' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 187-196.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Rubber Intermixed Ballast System (RIBS)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 87-99.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Under Sleeper Pad (USP) and Under Ballast Mat (UBM)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 100-116.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Use of Recycled Rubber Elements in Tracks (Rubber Geogrid, Tyre Cells, and Truck Tyre Segments)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 71-86.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Utilisation of Waste Materials for Transport Infrastructure' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 117-133.
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Iqbal, A, Medawela, S & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Impacts of Acidic Soil on Infrastructure Development' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 321-331.
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Jayasuriya, C, Arachchige, C & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Application of Elastic Inclusions to Improve Ballasted Track Performances' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 109-116.
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Jazebi, M, Indraratna, B, Malisetty, RS & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Numerical Modelling of Jointed Rock Foundation Under Heavy Haul Train Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 53-60.
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Malisetty, RS, Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Estimating the Shakedown Limit for Granular Materials Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 183-191.
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Medawela, S & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Improving Low-Lying Acidic Floodplains for Infrastructure Development' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 135-143.
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Ngo, T & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Numerical Analysis for Ballasted Rail Tracks: Coupled DEM-FEM Approach' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 35-41.
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Nguyen, TT, Indraratna, B & Gedela, R 2025, 'Enhanced Cyclic Resistance of Low Plasticity Soil Using Biopolymer' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 197-204.
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Nimbalkar, S, Farooq, MA, Punetha, P & Meena, NK 2025, 'Computational Models and Applications in Railway Geotechnics' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 1-11.
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Nimbalkar, S, Punetha, P, Meena, NK & Farooq, MA 2025, 'Recent Advances in Computational Methods, Predictions, and Applications to Critical Zones in Railways' in Recent Advances and Innovative Developments in Transportation Geotechnics, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 191-201.
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Priya, K, Adak, C, Chaudhuri, BB & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'Handwriting Intra-Variability Across Surface Transitions: Implications for Writer Identification' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 196-208.
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Punetha, P & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modelling of Sealed and Unsealed Roads Considering Effects of Moving Wheel Loads' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 113-120.
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Riyad, ASM, Qi, Y, Arachchige, CK, Indraratna, B & Khabbaz, H 2025, 'Predicting the Behavior of a Synthetic Energy Absorbing Layer for Subballast Using Nor-Sand Model' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 71-76.
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Roy, A, Palaiahnakote, S, Pal, U, Antonacopoulos, A & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'XLSI: A New Xception and Log Polar Transform Based Approach for Scene Text Script Identification' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 183-198.
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Roy, P, Bhattacharya, S, Ghosh, S, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'd-Sketch: Improving Visual Fidelity of Sketch-to-Image Translation with Pretrained Latent Diffusion Models without Retraining' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 277-292.
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Roy, P, Bhattacharya, S, Ghosh, S, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'Semantically Consistent Person Image Generation' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 293-309.
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Siddiqui, AR, Indraratna, B, Ngo, T & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Recycled Rubber Grids for Improved Performance of Ballasted Tracks' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 311-320.
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Silva, IN, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Role of Fabric on the Shear Behaviour of Subgrade Soil under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 211-220.
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Singh, M, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Nguyen, TT 2025, 'Subgrade Instability and Stiffness Degradation of Subgrade Soils Prone to Fluidisation' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 263-272.
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Soundararajan, S, Raychowdhury, P & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Performance Assessment of Existing Railway Track Subjected to Varying Train Speed' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 129-136.
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Vaseghi, S, Sheng, D, Kodikara, J & Khabbaz, H 2025, 'Effect of Principal Stress Rotation on Plastic Strain Accumulation in Granular Materials' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 11-20.
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Wang, ZZ, Al-Tabbaa, A, Hakim, B & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Data-Driven Pavement Performance Modelling: A Short Review' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 231-239.
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Xu, B-H, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C, He, N & Nguyen, TT 2025, 'Spectral-Based Solutions for Consolidation Analysis of Multilayered Soil under Various Drainage Boundary Conditions' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 17-28.
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Achu, AL, Aju, CD, Raicy, MC, Bhadran, A, George, A, Surendran, U, Girishbai, D, Ajayakumar, P, Gopinath, G & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Improved flood risk assessment using multi-model ensemble machine-learning techniques in a tropical river basin of Southern India', Physical Geography, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 127-155.
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Akbarzadeh, M, Oberst, S & Halkon, B 2025, 'Manipulation of an acoustically levitated object using externally excited standing waves', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 157, no. 3, pp. 1852-1861.
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Ultrasonic standing waves can be used to manipulate the position and control the movement of levitated objects through acoustic radiation forces. Within this context, the theory of the Gor'kov potential function and its acoustic contrast factor are revisited, considering the scenario of a harmonic disturbance to the standing wave and its influence on the levitated spherical object. This disturbance causes a levitated object—trapped within a standing, plane ultrasonic wave field in an ideal fluid—to undergo oscillations in sympathy with the resulting motion of the wave field. In this paper, we determine how the acoustic contrast factor depends on the properties of the object, the fluid and the external excitation, in combination. We show that positive, negative, and zero acoustic radiation forces can be achieved, causing the object to be pushed towards the nearest pressure or velocity node. We experimentally verify—through external excitation of an ultrasonic standing wave generator—that the disturbance vibration frequency and amplitude are transmitted to the object. The dependence on the external excitation amplitude and force reversal are novel features that can be employed in acoustic manipulation for non-contact dynamic characterization of small objects.

Akter, T, Hoque, MA-A, Mukul, SA & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Coastal Flood Induced Salinity Intrusion Risk Assessment Using a Spatial Multi-criteria Approach in the South-Western Bangladesh', Earth Systems and Environment, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 31-49.
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Abstract Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to sea-level rise and other climate-induced extreme events, such as flooding, storm surge, and salinity intrusion. The south-western coastal region of Bangladesh is particularly vulnerable to salinity intrusion caused by cyclone induced storm surges and coastal floods. Salinity intrusion endanger land productivity by increasing both soil and surface water salinity. Detailed risk assessment using spatial mapping approach can contribute to mitigating the effects of salinity intrusion on natural capital and the environment. In this study, we established and evaluated a spatial multi-criteria approach for mapping the risk levels of areas to salinity intrusion impacts using field data and geospatial techniques at the local scale. We evaluated the viability of the proposed approach using Khulna District, a major coastal city and saline prone area in the south-western Bangladesh. We considered three risk components (i.e. vulnerability, exposure and hazard) with 16 relevant criteria for the study. For each criterion, an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to build and weight spatial raster map layers. Individual maps for each risk component were generated using a weighted sum technique, and lastly, a risk map was created by combining those. Our generated maps correctly identified relevant spatial dimensions as well as risk levels (i.e. very-high to very-low). The outcomes of our study suggest that the southern (east and west) parts of the study area are mostly susceptible to salinity intrusion due to higher storm surge impacts, lower elevation, and land use patterns than other parts. We validate our findings using a qualitative and quantitative approach. We believe that this novel approach would be useful to create risk maps that policymakers and relevant stakeholders could potentially use to evaluate risks posed by flood induced salinity intrusion in coastal regions ...

Alagesan, S, Indraratna, B, Malisetty, RS, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Prediction of rail ballast breakage using a hybrid ML methodology', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 52, pp. 101555-101555.
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Amiri, M, Abolhasan, M, Shariati, N & Lipman, J 2025, 'Development of a polarization-neutral metamaterial absorber for efficient low-power EM energy harvesting', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 381, pp. 116055-116055.
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Arachchige, SM, Pradhan, B & Park, H-J 2025, 'A critical review of hurricane risk assessment models and predictive frameworks', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 102012-102012.
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Bibi, H, Abolhasan, M, Lipman, J, Abdollahi, M & Ni, W 2025, 'A comprehensive survey on privacy-preserving technologies for Smart Grids', Computers and Electrical Engineering, vol. 124, pp. 110371-110371.
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Canda, E, Nguyen, QD, San Nicolas, R, Rasekh, H & Castel, A 2025, 'Effect of calcined clay reactivity on the risk of restrained shrinkage‐induced early‐age concrete cracking', Structural Concrete, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 1892-1910.
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AbstractA combination of limestone and calcined clay has emerged as a promising supplementary cementitious material due to its abundant availability to replace traditional supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash or ground‐granulated blast‐furnace slag in reducing concrete's carbon footprint. Although different properties have been considered, very limited attention was paid to the early‐age cracking behavior of limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) concretes. This study aims to investigate the influence of calcined clay reactivity on the early‐age cracking potential of LC3 concretes using the restrained ring test. Mechanical properties, time to cracking, tensile creep coefficient, and total shrinkage were measured. Results showed that the reactivity of calcined clay significantly impacted total shrinkage, creep coefficients, and time to cracking. LC3 concretes exhibited higher tensile creep coefficients than pure ordinary Portland cement concrete, which can provide beneficial tensile stress relaxation delaying concrete cracking. An apparent calcined clay reactivity coefficient (Rapp) was proposed correlating well with the time to cracking of the restrained LC3 concrete rings, thus offering practical guidance for the selection of suitable calcined clays and mix designs for specific high‐risk applications.

Cecilio, MO, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Malisetty, RS 2025, 'Dynamic stress analysis of rock joints under railway loading', Géotechnique, vol. 75, no. 4, pp. 529-549.
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The proper estimation of stresses generated by the passage of a train is fundamentally important to the serviceability and longevity of railways, and yet very limited knowledge is available where the track substructure is built on a jointed rock mass. The present study introduces an analytical solution for estimating the ground stresses arising from moving wheel loads, causing a change in the three-dimensional stress state in the track formation, in relation to the stress variation with depth and along the longitudinal track section – that is, the direction of train passage. Based on 21 case histories, an array of field measurements and numerical simulations covering a wide range of freight tonnage, train speeds and different formation conditions were considered to validate the proposed analytical solution. The proposed methodology (analytical solution) was then applied to a jointed rock subgrade to determine the normal and shear stresses acting along a specific discontinuity plane. The main analytical outcome demonstrates that the orthogonal vertical and shear stresses present different and phase-shifted history plots for homogeneous ground conditions with principal stresses rotation. However, conversely for a jointed subgrade, the normal and shear stresses along the discontinuity have the same history plot pattern and are in phase. As a practical guide, the results from this study would help to define which cyclic loads should be applied in laboratory tests to simulate realistic traffic patterns of trains travelling over a jointed rock subgrade.

Chen, J, Indraratna, B & Ngo, T 2025, 'Assessing the Macro to Micro Properties of Recycled Ballast Mixtures by DEM Analyses for Enhanced Railroad Engineering', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 151, no. 6.
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Chen, J, Indraratna, B, Vinod, JS, Ngo, T & Liu, Y 2025, 'Effects of Particle Shape on the Shear Behavior and Breakage of Ballast: A DEM Approach', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 1.
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Chen, Q, Xiong, Z, Tao, G, Tian, Z & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Strength, Durability, Corrosion Resistance, and Microstructure of Cemented Soil Incorporating Nano-MgO under Static and Cyclic Loading: A Laboratory Study', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 37, no. 4.
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Chen, Z, Ji, JC, Ni, Q, Ye, B, Ding, X & Yu, W 2025, 'Bi-structural spatial–temporal network for few-shot fault diagnosis of rotating machinery', Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 227, pp. 112378-112378.
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Cullen, M & Ji, JC 2025, 'Online defect detection and penetration estimation system for gas metal arc welding', The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 136, no. 5-6, pp. 2143-2164.
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Dai, S, Gao, F, Niu, G, He, X, Zhang, S & Sheng, D 2025, 'Dynamics of particle segregation and its impact on mechanical properties', Acta Geotechnica, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 1991-2007.
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Abstract Particle segregation is a widespread phenomenon in nature. Vertical vibration systems have been a focal point in studying particle segregation, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms and patterns that influence this process. However, despite extensive research on the mechanisms and patterns of particle separation, the consequences, particularly the mechanical properties of samples resulting from particle segregation, remain less understood. This study aims to investigate the segregation process of a binary mixture under vertical vibration and examine the consequences through monotonic and cyclic triaxial drained tests. The results reveal that large and small particles segregate nearly simultaneously, with more thorough separation observed for large particles. The segregation index, D s , effectively describes this evolution process, offering a quantitative metric for both mixing and segregation. Granular temperature analysis unveils three distinct states during segregation: solid-like, fluid-like, and solid–liquid transitional phase, corresponding to varying activity levels of particle segregation. Drained triaxial shear tests demonstrate the sensitivity of stress–strain relationships to the degree of segregation. Interestingly, ultimate strength is found to be essentially unrelated to the degree of segregation. When the segregation index approaches zero, signifying particles approaching a uniform distribution, the granular system reaches a harmonic state. This state exhibits optimal mechanical performance characterised by maximum peak stress, friction angle, and the highest elastic modulus. These findings underscore the potential impact of segregation on the mechanical response of granular mixtures and emphasise the necessity of a comprehensive understanding of particle segregatio...

Dai, S, He, X, Gao, F, Zhong, W, Zheng, Y & Zhang, S 2025, 'Laboratory model test of contact erosion in railway substructure', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 51, pp. 101499-101499.
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Dai, S, Shan, F, Xiong, H, Zhang, S, He, X & Sheng, D 2025, 'Evolution of pore structure and flow properties in particle segregation', Journal of Hydrology, vol. 652, pp. 132651-132651.
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Deng, Z, Nguyen, QD, Mahmood, AH, Pang, Y, Shi, T & Sheng, D 2025, 'Piezoresistivity assessment of self-sensing asphalt-based pavements with machine learning algorithm', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 468, pp. 140291-140291.
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Diao, X, Cai, G, Yang, R & He, X 2025, 'Contact erosion of soil layers with different water table levels under cyclic loading using VOF-DEM coupled method', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 180, pp. 107090-107090.
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Doan, T, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Coupled CFD-DEM modelling of clogging of granular columns by cohesive fines', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 177, pp. 106902-106902.
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Du, T-K, Lin, Y, Ji, J-C & Ding, H 2025, 'Series gravity-based track nonlinear energy Sinks: Design and experiment', Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 229, pp. 112559-112559.
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Fairley, N, Fatahi, B & Hokmabadi, AS 2025, 'Impacts of Transition Piece Designs on the Resilience of Large Offshore Wind Turbines Subject to Combined Earthquake, Wind and Wave Loads and Soil‐Structure Interaction', Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 773-798.
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ABSTRACTThe urgent global drive to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions has significantly boosted renewable energy production, notably expanding offshore wind energy across the globe. With the technological evolution enabling higher‐capacity turbines on larger foundations, these installations are increasingly situated in earthquake‐prone areas, underscoring the critical need to ensure their seismic resilience as they become a pivotal component of the global energy infrastructure. This study scrutinises the dynamic behaviour of a 15 MW offshore wind turbine (OWT) under concurrent earthquake, wind and wave loads, focusing on the performance of the ultra‐high‐strength cementitious grout that bonds the monopile to the transition piece. Employing LS DYNA for numerical simulations, we explored the seismic responses of four OWT designs with diverse transition piece cone angles, incorporating nonlinear soil springs to model soil‐structure interactions (SSIs) and conducting a site response analysis (SRA) to account for local site effects on ground motion amplification. Our findings reveal that transition pieces with larger cone angles exhibit substantially enhanced stress distribution and resistance to grout damage, evidenced by decreased ovalisation in the coned sections of the transition piece and monopile, and improved bending flexibility. The observed disparities in damage across different cone angles highlight shortcomings in current design guidelines pertaining to the prediction of grout stresses in conical transition piece designs, with the current code‐specified calculations predicting higher stresses for transition piece designs with larger cone angles. This study also highlights the code's limitations when accounting for grout damage induced by stress concentrations in the grouted connections under seismic dynamic loading conditions. The results of the study demonstrate the need for refinement of these guidelines to improv...

Ge, M, Zhu, C, Sheng, D, Pineda, J & Li, N 2025, 'Study on the gas permeability of unsaturated compacted loess and its underlying micro-mechanism', Yanshilixue Yu Gongcheng Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 221-235.
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Aiming to investigate the gas permeability of unsaturated soil and its underlying micro-mechanism，the gas permeability coefficients of compacted loess under various initial states，along wetting/drying，and constant stress ratio compression paths were examined in this study by utilizing a modified gas permeation device. The Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry(MIP) technique was employed to further examine the microstructure changes of compacted losses，thereby analyzing the micro-mechanism of air permeation. The test results indicate that the gas permeability coefficient(keff) of compacted loess varies within the range of 10－12 to10－15 m2 in response to the increasing compaction saturation degree(Sr0). At low dry densities，keff exhibits an initial rise followed by a decline as Sr0 increases，whereas at high dry densities，a nonlinear decrement is observed. Wetting significantly reduces keff of compacted loess by up to three orders of magnitude，with a rapid decrease after the wetting saturation degree reaches 0.65. Conversely，drying improves gas permeability，but its impact is much less significant than that of wetting. Under constant stress ratio compression，keff decreases exponentially with increasing stress，and the decrease is more pronounced at lower stress ratios. The MIP test results reveal that the macro porosity first increases and then decreases with the increase of Sr0. Wetting has a minor effect on the pore size distribution curve(PSD)，while drying can increase macro porosity. Under similar state，the as-compacted soil exhibits more macropore structures compared to the after-wetting soil，while less macropore structures compared to the after-drying soil. The constant stress ratio compression results in a reduction of macropores，with a greater reduction at lower stress ratio. According to the variation of keff，the gas permeability of unsaturated compacted loess depends on the amount of the interconnected macropores，the more macropore structures，the better po...

Ghosh, S, Bhattacharya, S, Roy, P, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'MMC: Multi-modal colorization of images using textual description', Signal, Image and Video Processing, vol. 19, no. 2.
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Guo, X-Y, Fang, S-E, Zhu, X & Li, J 2025, 'A semi-Markov process based digital twin for safety evaluation of cable-stayed bridges with cable corrosion', Advanced Engineering Informatics, vol. 65, pp. 103270-103270.
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The cables of a cable-stayed bridge are susceptible to structural degradation due to environmental corrosion and fatigue, which directly affects the safety and operational performance of the bridge. As the process of the degradation in practice is very slow, it is difficult to be monitored during the bridge service life. Hence, this study aims to develop a novel semi-Markov process based digital twin (DT) framework for safety evaluation of cable-stayed bridges considering cable corrosion. The framework encompasses a physical twin layer, a DT layer and the information interaction medium. The physical twin layer mainly comprises the bridge physical entity and its associated monitoring system that provides a variety of perceptual data for DT modeling. In the DT layer, the DT model acts as a virtual counterpart of the physical bridge for mirroring and forecasting the bridge's mechanical behaviors. The information interaction medium plays a crucial role in the bidirectional information communication between the physical and digital twin layers. Two types of information interaction media have been utilized including a cable force influence matrix and a semi-Markov process. The former enables updating the DT model to precisely match the data measured from the physical bridge. Meanwhile, the semi-Markov process depicts the probability of the bridge's condition considering the cable corrosion during the different service periods. The proposed procedure can predict the bridge state and evaluate the safety by comparing the predicted state with the monitored values. The proposed framework has been successfully validated on a real-world cable-stayed bridge. The results showed the proposed DT framework was reliable and effective for evaluating the bridge condition.

Haeri, H, Fu, J, Sarfarazi, V, Abharian, S, rasekh, H, Rezaei, M & Khandelwal, M 2025, 'Surgical face masks as reinforcement to improve the tensile mode fracture toughness of reinforced concrete under three-point bending tests', Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 314, pp. 110741-110741.
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Hassani, S, Mustapha, S, Li, J, Mousavi, M & Dackermann, U 2025, 'Next-generation coupled structure-human sensing technology: Enhanced pedestrian-bridge interaction analysis using data fusion and machine learning', Information Fusion, vol. 118, pp. 102983-102983.
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He, B, Li, J, Armaghani, DJ, Hashim, H, He, X, Pradhan, B & Sheng, D 2025, 'The deep continual learning framework for prediction of blast-induced overbreak in tunnel construction', Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 264, pp. 125909-125909.
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He, X, Cai, G & Sheng, D 2025, 'Indirect models for SWCC parameters: reducing prediction uncertainty with machine learning', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 177, pp. 106823-106823.
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Hettiyahandi, S, Indraratna, B, Ngo, T, Qi, Y & Arachchige, C 2025, 'Enhancing Rail Track Performance Using Recycled Rubber Energy-Absorbing Grids: Laboratory and Field Evidence', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 151, no. 7.
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Hu, Z, Chen, Q, Xu, C, Nimbalkar, S & Huang, N 2025, 'Effectiveness and Optimization Analysis of Vibration Isolation Performance of Circular and Rectangular Hollow Pipes: Numerical Modeling', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 4.
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Huynh, TQ, Nguyen, TT & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Evaluating cohesive models in discrete element simulation through drawdown test with new assessment perspectives', Powder Technology, vol. 452, pp. 120542-120542.
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Indraratna, B, Hunt, H, Malisetty, RS, Alagesan, S, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Optimization of inputs for the application of ANN to rail track granular materials', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 62, pp. 1-22.
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Machine learning (ML) models such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) have gained increasing popularity in geotechnical engineering applications as an alternative to conventional empirical and computational models. At present, very few ML models exist for predicting the mechanical responses of track granular materials such as ballast and subballast which may even comprise of composite mixtures of blended granular materials. Moreover, the performance of any ML model depends not only on the quality and quantity of available data but also on the selection process for input parameters, which often lacks adequate justification in the past literature. In this context, the current study introduces ANN models for track granular materials based on published laboratory data with special emphasis on the selection of an optimal set of input parameters. Two applications of ANN are considered to (i) predict the peak friction angle ([Formula: see text]) of a variety of granular mixtures under static loading and (ii) predict ballast breakage under cyclic loading. The selection process involves prudent analysis of key influential parameters in a geotechnical perspective, while also ensuring that they are conveniently measurable. Performance evaluation of these models with various input combinations is carried out, while proposing optimal input parameters for both applications.

Indraratna, B, Mehmood, F, Ngo, T, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Grant, J 2025, 'Performance of Tire Cell Foundation as a Subballast Capping Layer under Cyclic Train Loading', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 151, no. 1.
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Jadhav, P, Sairam, VA, Bhojane, N, Singh, A, Gite, S, Pradhan, B, Bachute, M & Alamri, A 2025, 'Multimodal Gas Detection Using E-Nose and Thermal Images: An Approach Utilizing SRGAN and Sparse Autoencoder', Computers, Materials & Continua, vol. 83, no. 2, pp. 3493-3517.
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Jafaryahya, J, Keshavarz, R, Abolhasan, M, Lipman, J & Shariati, N 2025, 'Integrating Electrical Features for Simultaneous Prediction of Soil Moisture and Potassium Levels Based on Neural Network Prediction Model', IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 74, pp. 1-12.
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Jin, X, Rao, P, Feng, W, Cui, J, Nimbalkar, S & Chen, Q 2025, 'Coupled Electric‐Thermal Damage Model for Lightning Strikes on Buried Pipeline', Contributions to Plasma Physics, vol. 65, no. 4.
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ABSTRACTA coupled electrothermal damage theory model for pipelines is proposed to assess the failure behavior of buried pipelines under lightning strikes. This article considers local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) conditions in the soil–water porous medium and the nonlinear characteristics of lightning functions. The calculation results show that the proposed theoretical model has better applicability and accuracy compared with previous models. Parametric analysis shows that under lightning conditions of Im = 20 kA and T1/T2 = 1.2/50 μs, the maximum local temperature of the soil around the pipeline can reach 2160 K, leading to pipeline breakdown. Metal pipelines are shown to be more effective in conducting charges, which alters the electric field distribution in the soil and impacts the formation of plasma channels. The half‐peak value of the lightning waveform has a significant impact on pipeline breakdown, and its increase will increase the risk of pipeline breakdown gradually. When considering LTNE conditions, the change in the pipeline surface temperature becomes more pronounced. Under 8/30 and 8/40 μs lightning waveforms, the pipeline surface temperature is approximately 150 and 550 K higher, respectively, compared with the thermal equilibrium conditions. The thermal conductivity and porosity of backfill soil can also affect the thermal damage of lightning‐struck pipelines. With clay filling, the highest pipeline surface temperature can reach 2590 K, while with fine sand and coarse sand, it is 1980 and 1510 K, respectively. The pipeline lightning disaster model proposed in this article has engineering significance for the investigation of pipeline lightning failure and disaster prevention mechanisms.

Khairnar, S, Thepade, SD, Kolekar, S, Gite, S, Pradhan, B, Alamri, A, Patil, B, Dahake, S, Gaikwad, R & Chaudhari, A 2025, 'Enhancing semantic segmentation for autonomous vehicle scene understanding in indian context using modified CANet model', MethodsX, vol. 14, pp. 103131-103131.
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Le, NT, Keenan, M, Nguyen, A, Ghazvineh, S, Yu, Y, Li, J & Manalo, A 2025, 'A supervised machine learning approach for structural overload classification in railway bridges using weigh-in-motion data', Structures, vol. 71, pp. 108005-108005.
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Li, C, Lai, JCS & Oberst, S 2025, 'Optimizing self-organized topology of recurrence-based complex networks', Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, vol. 35, no. 3.
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Networks and graphs have emerged as powerful tools to model and analyze nonlinear dynamical systems. By constructing an adjacency matrix from recurrence networks, it is possible to capture critical structural and geometric information about the underlying dynamics of a time series. However, randomization of data often raises concerns about the potential loss of deterministic relationships. Here, in using the spring-electrical-force model, we demonstrate that by optimizing the distances between randomized points through minimizing an entropy-related energy measure, the deterministic structure of the original system is not destroyed. This process allows us to approximate the time series shape and correct the phase, effectively reconstructing the initial invariant set and attracting dynamics of the system. Our approach highlights the importance of adjacency matrices derived from recurrence plots, which preserve crucial information about the nonlinear dynamics. By using recurrence plots and the entropy of diagonal line lengths and leveraging the Kullback–Leibler divergence as a relative entropic measure, we fine-tune the parameters and initial conditions for recurrence plots, ensuring an optimal representation of the system’s dynamics. Through the integration of network geometry and energy minimization, we show that data-driven graphs can self-organize to retain and regenerate the fundamental features of the time series, including its phase space structures. This study underscores the robustness of recurrence networks as a tool for analyzing nonlinear systems and demonstrates that randomization, when guided by informed optimization, does not erase deterministic relationships, opening new avenues for reconstructing dynamical systems from observational data.

Li, S, Ji, J, Feng, K, Zhang, K, Ni, Q & Xu, Y 2025, 'Composite Neuro-Fuzzy System-Guided Cross-Modal Zero-Sample Diagnostic Framework Using Multisource Heterogeneous Noncontact Sensing Data', IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 302-313.
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Li, Y, Feng, K, Noman, K, Ji, J & Li, Z 2025, 'Editorial: Application of digital twin technology in prognostic and health management of complex machineries', Measurement, vol. 239, pp. 115629-115629.
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Mahajan, S, Gite, S, Pradhan, B, Alamri, A, Inamdar, S, Shriyansh, D, Shah, AA & Agarwal, S 2025, 'Integrating Speech-to-Text for Image Generation Using Generative Adversarial Networks', Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, vol. 0, no. 0, pp. 1-10.
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Murray, J, Meylan, MH, Ngo, T, Thamwattana, N & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Analytical Solution for Railway Transition Zones With Abrupt Changes in Elastic Stiffness', Engineering Reports, vol. 7, no. 5.
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ABSTRACTTransition zones in railway systems, where properties of the track foundation change abruptly, are known to increase dynamic loads, track deterioration, and passenger discomfort. As such, it is of particular importance to study railway transition zones with abrupt changes in foundation properties to minimize these railway problems. This paper presents a closed‐form solution for the long‐term deformation of an Euler‐Bernoulli beam on an elastic foundation with multiple abrupt changes in foundation stiffness and under multiple applied stationary point loads. The solutions are obtained by dividing the beam into segments and applying the method of undetermined coefficients. This exact analytical solution constitutes an improvement upon an approximate solution, which is presented in the literature as a recent method for modeling rail infrastructure at transition zones. A limitation of the approximate solution is its inability to account for the changed behavior of the beam close to a transition zone. The closed‐form solution overcomes this limitation and can be used to assess the suitability of the approximate solution.

Nair, L, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'The interactive role of cyclic vertical and torsional stresses on the instability of low-plasticity soils based on hollow cylinder testing', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 62, pp. 1-21.
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Soil instability and potential failure under principal stress rotation require greater attention than ever before due to increased operation of heavier and longer high-speed trains. This study focuses on the interplay between cyclic vertical stress and torsional shear stress on the failure condition of a low-plasticity subgrade soil, facilitated by a hollow cylinder apparatus. Combined vertical and torsional loading significantly influences strain response, with increasing torsional stress leading to higher strain accumulation. Moreover, the data indicate that an increase in torsional shear stress is generally accompanied by a swift rise in the EPWP and a corresponding decrease in the soil stiffness. In view of this, a novel parameter, the overall stiffness degradation index ( δo) that simultaneously captures both the vertical and torsional shear effects under principal stress rotation is proposed as an early indicator of instability. In addition, a normalised torsional stress ratio (NTSR), which is the ratio of the amplitude of torsional shear stress to the confining pressure, is introduced to assess the impact of torsional shear stress. Whereby, higher NTSR values correlate with premature inception of failure. These experimental results provide new insights for a better understanding of soil instability under simulated railway loading.

Ngo, T, Indraratna, B, Coop, M & Qi, Y 2025, 'Behaviour of ballast stabilised with recycled rubber mat under impact loading', Géotechnique, vol. 75, no. 2, pp. 192-212.
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During the passage of trains, dynamic impact loads caused by wheel imperfections or rail abnormalities cause significant ballast degradation. In this study, the use of rubber mats manufactured from recycled tyres placed underneath a ballast layer is investigated to mitigate the adverse effects of impact loads. Based on a series of tests conducted using a high-capacity drop-weight facility to evaluate the dynamic impact responses, the experimental results show that the inclusion of a rubber mat beneath the ballast assembly significantly reduces particle breakage. This study also describes a numerical analysis following a coupled discrete–continuum modelling approach to examine the complex interaction of discrete ballast grains with the recycled rubber mat. In particular, a mathematical framework coupling the discrete and continuum domains is developed to facilitate the exchange of forces and displacements at the ballast–mat interface. Laboratory data measured from large-scale impact tests are used to calibrate and validate this coupled model. Subsequently, the model is used to predict the deformation and breakage of ballast, contact force distributions, impact forces, coordination numbers and the evolution of energy components during impact testing. The energy-absorbing properties of the rubber mat are captured in terms of reducing particle breakage from a micromechanical perspective.

Nguyen, TT, Nguyen, KL, Huynh, TQ & Tran, Q 2025, 'Influence of feature selection on machine learning prediction of pile foundation – The role of soil-pile interaction knowledge and application to base resistance', Geodata and AI, vol. 3, pp. 100019-100019.
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Peng, R, Ji, J, Guo, R, Zheng, B, Miao, Z & Zhou, J 2025, 'Fixed-time and predefined-time group-bipartite consensus for uncertain networked Euler-Lagrange systems', Information Sciences, vol. 689, pp. 121451-121451.
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Pradhan, S, Pradhan, B & Joshi, A 2025, 'Leveraging geographic information systems (GIS) in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) research: a systematic review of applications and challenges', Spatial Information Research, vol. 33, no. 2.
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Abstract Safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are essential for the health, well-being, and socio-economic development of communities. Despite global efforts, the challenge of providing safe access to WASH service persists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) play a pivotal role in understanding and addressing these challenges by enabling the monitoring, mapping, and analysis of WASH facilities and their impacts. This systematic literature review aims to comprehensively understand how GIS is being used in WASH research. The review reveals that GIS is being used in various aspects of WASH, including mapping and monitoring of WASH facilities, spatial analysis of WASH-related health outcomes, and planning. The review also highlights the challenges of using GIS in WASH, such as data availability and quality, integration of technological advancement and adoption of a comprehensive approach. The review provides valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working in the field of WASH.

Raza, MA, Abolhasan, M, Lipman, J & Ni, W 2025, 'Device-Level Learning-Based Distributed Power Control for Uplink NOMA in IoT Networks', IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, pp. 1-1.
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Rembe, C, Halkon, B & Ismail, M 2025, 'Measuring Vibrations in Large Structures with LDVy and UAS: A Review and Outlook', Advanced Devices & Instrumentation.

Riyad, ASM, Indraratna, B, Arachchige, CK, Qi, Y & Khabbaz, H 2025, 'An Extended Perspective on the Disturbed State Concept for Rubber–Mixed Waste Material Considering Modulus Degradation under Cyclic Loading', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 5.
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Riyad, ASM, Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Tawk, M 2025, 'Constitutive behaviour of a granular matrix containing coal mine waste intermixed with rubber crumbs', Acta Geotechnica, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 185-196.
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AbstractTraditional railway substructure materials (i.e., natural crushed rock aggregates used for ballast and capping layers) degrade under service loads, incurring higher periodic maintenance costs compared to recycled materials. Using recycled waste materials such as coal wash and rubber crumbs for infrastructure upgrades not only reduces construction and maintenance costs but also supports environmental sustainability. By exploring unconventional avenues, earlier studies have delved into the viability of blending rubber crumbs (RC) and coal wash (CW) as an innovative substitute for traditional railway substructure materials, with a specific focus on the capping layer. This study introduces a semi-empirical constitutive model to simulate the response of mixtures of coal wash and rubber crumbs (CWRC) using the bounding surface plasticity framework. The novelty of this study is that a modified volumetric strain expression is introduced to capture the compressibility of rubber, thus enabling a more accurate representation of the internal deformation of rubber within the granular matrix. The variation of rubber content in the mixture is captured by the corresponding critical state void ratio surface and the hardening modulus. The theoretical model is then calibrated and validated using static drained triaxial test data for CWRC mixtures as well as mixtures of steel furnace slag, coal wash, and rubber crumbs (SFS + CW + RC).

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Ishikawa, T, Prezzi, M & Winter, M 2025, 'Editorial for Transportation Geotechnics and Emerging Technologies', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 50, pp. 101372-101372.
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Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 403 LNCE, pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 402 LNCE, pp. v-vi.

Sami, MS, Hoque, MA-A, Moniruzzaman, M & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Spatial landslide risk assessment in a highly populated Rohingya refugee settlement area of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh', Asian Geographer, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 79-100.
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Sha, H, Guo, R, Zhou, J, Zhu, X, Ji, J & Miao, Z 2025, 'Reinforcement learning-based robust formation control for Multi-UAV systems with switching communication topologies', Neurocomputing, vol. 611, pp. 128591-128591.
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Sultana, M, Hoque, MA-A & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Assessing Meghna Riverbank dynamics and morphological changes in Bangladesh using geospatial techniques', Applied Geomatics, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 147-161.
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Talaei, S, Zhu, X, Li, J, Yu, Y & Chan, THT 2025, 'A hybrid domain adaptation approach for estimation of prestressed forces in prestressed concrete bridges under moving vehicles', Engineering Structures, vol. 330, pp. 119904-119904.
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Tao, G, Tang, W, Chen, Q, Zhou, H, Nimbalkar, S, Xiao, H & Huang, Z 2025, 'Fractal Shear Strength Model for Unsaturated Soils Considering the Combined Effects of Matric Suction and Surface Tension', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 7.
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Tao, G, Yang, C, Chen, Q, Nimbalkar, S, Xiao, H & Wang, Q 2025, 'Laboratory assessment of tensile properties of root-soil composite of Amorpha fruticose', Journal of Mountain Science, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 1062-1074.
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Wang, C, Wei, W, Chen, X, Liu, Y, Wijayaratna, K & Ni, B-J 2025, 'Unlocking Drivers of Country-Specific Sensitivities of Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Accumulation: Preparing for Future Pandemic Management', Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 362-372.
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Wijesena, S & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Enhancing weather index insurance through surrogate models: leveraging machine learning techniques and remote sensing data', Environmental Research Communications, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 045009-045009.
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Abstract The agricultural industry’s crop yield production is highly vulnerable to extreme weather events, heightened by the impacts of climate change. Weather Index Insurance (WII) presents an innovative solution for insurers to protect farmers from significant yield losses. The objective of this study is to develop an index that is highly correlated with crop yield while ensuring transparency for policyholders. WII products often rely on a single weather index, which fails to encompass the complex nature of weather events. While machine learning models offer the potential to model the multifaceted nature of factors influencing crop growth, their adoption in WII products has been limited due to their lack of transparency, often perceived as ‘black box models’. This research examines soybean yield in the Corn Belt region of the USA. This study proposes a novel framework to develop a highly predictive multi-weather index based on a neural network model, and then applying a surrogate model to ensure transparency whilst maintaining predictive power. A generalised linear model (GLM) is implemented as the surrogate model in this study. The GLM achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 8.2%, which is comparable to the neural network model’s MAE of 7.6%. The weather index derived from the simplified approximation of the surrogate model incorporates multiple remote sensing indexes and weather variables: Potential Evapotranspiration (PET), Evapotranspiration (ET), Land Surface Temperature (LST), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and minimum temperature. The proposed methodology achieved a substantial hedging efficiency of 21% downside risk reduction, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed WII product. The development of an index that closely aligns with crop yield losses is crucial for the financial viability of WII.

Wu, Y, Dang, F, Nimbalkar, S, Chen, Y & Zhang, F 2025, 'Property Evolution Law and Damage Mechanism of Pervious Concrete under Different Cycle Modes', Jianzhu Cailiao Xuebao/Journal of Building Materials, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 9-18.
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In order to investigate the effect of water on pervious concrete（PC）pavement，the performance evolution equations of PC under three cycle modes of dry-wet，freeze-thaw，dry-wet and freeze-thaw were studied，and the damage mechanism under single and double factors were revealed. The results show that the basalt fiber（BF）changes the pore structure and initial property of PC，but does not affect the freeze-thaw damage mechanism. The secondary cracks of PC pavement caused by freeze-thaw cycle increase exponentially，which is different from the performance evolution law under dry-wet cycle. Dry-wet cycle in the early stage of damage causes the dissolution，loss of pore wall surface material and edge curl and peel，while freeze-thaw in the late stage of damage causes the formation and expansion of cracks，resulting in intergranular fracture. Under the coupling effect of wet-dry cycle and freeze-thaw cycle，the PC performance index decreases more than the single factor superposition of wet-dry cycle and freeze-thaw cycle.

Wu, Y, Li, S, Li, J, Yu, Y, Li, J & Li, Y 2025, 'Deep learning in crack detection: A comprehensive scientometric review', Journal of Infrastructure Intelligence and Resilience, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 100144-100144.
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Yu Huat, C, Jahed Armaghani, D, Bin Hashim, H, Fattahi, H, He, X, Asteris, PG & Fakharian, P 2025, 'Development of a Practical Solution to Predict Surface Settlement Induced by Twin Tunnels', Journal of Structural Design and Construction Practice, vol. 30, no. 1.
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Yu, L, Pradhan, B & Wang, Y 2025, 'A comparative study of various combination strategies for landslide susceptibility mapping considering landslide types', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 101999-101999.
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Zeng, Y-C, Ding, H, Ji, J-C, Mao, X-Y & Chen, L-Q 2025, 'A tristable nonlinear energy sink with time-varying potential barriers', Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol. 142, pp. 108559-108559.
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Zhang, X, Zhu, X, Wang, Y & Li, J 2025, 'Structural damage detection based on transmissibility functions with unsupervised domain adaptation', Engineering Structures, vol. 322, pp. 119142-119142.
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Zhang, X, Zhu, X, Yu, Y & Li, J 2025, 'Transfer Learning-Based Structural Damage Identification for Building Structures with Limited Measurement Data', International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, vol. 25, no. 09.
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Structural damage detection is crucial for ensuring the safety of civil building structures in operational environments. Recently, deep learning-based methods have gained increasing attention from engineers and researchers. The performance of conventional deep learning methods for structural damage detection relies on a large number of labeled training datasets. However, it is difficult or/and impossible to obtain sufficient datasets to cover various damage scenarios for in-service structures. A little research has been conducted to identify both the damage severity and location with limited labeled measurement data. A novel transfer learning-based method for structural damage identification with limited measurements has been proposed utilizing frequency response functions (FRFs) as the input. The real structure is regarded as the target domain and its numerical model is as the source domain. The samples for various damage scenarios are generated using the numerical model, and a designed deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is pre-trained. The knowledge of the pre-trained network is transferred to identify the damage location and severity of the real structure using limited measurement data. Numerical and experimental studies have been conducted on a three-story building structure to verify the performance of the proposed method. To understand transfer learning and model interpretability, the t-SNE feature visualization is adopted to show the feature distribution changes during transfer learning. Numerical and experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms conventional CNN models, and it is effective and accurate in identifying structural damage location and severity in real structures with limited measurement data.

Zhu, Y, Zuo, W, Ji, J & Zhang, Z 2025, 'Bifurcations analysis of a 3D Filippov pest-natural enemy system with stage structure for the prey', Applied Mathematics and Computation, vol. 497, pp. 129356-129356.
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Indraratna, B, Ngo, T, Qi, Y, Hettiyahandi, S & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 1970, 'Resilient Railways Using Energy-Absorbing Rubber Elements in Track Substructure', Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 374-382.
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Indraratna, B, Xu, B-H & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 1970, 'Soil Response and Modeling of Soft Soil Subgrades under Cyclic Rail Loading', Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 139-149.
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Niu, G & He, X 1970, 'Appropriate Domain Size for Footing Bearing Capacity Analysis Using Random Finite Element Method', Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 283-290.
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Zhang, S, Zhou, F, Li, Z, Wang, Y, Qi, D & Li, S 1970, 'Expert-Guided Model Cultivation: CoTeaching to Resolve Abstruseness and Enhance Learning Performance', Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 18-32.
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Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.